Are Schools Teaching Segregation and/or Discrimination of Disabled Children - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1792 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/31 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Segregation Essay Did you like this example? Disabled students should be integrated into mainstream classes and activities as much as possible in the public school system because integration teaches social skills, boosts self-esteem and teaches nondisabled children acceptance and how to interact with disable peers. Inclusion is the practice of including disabled students with the general population in all aspects of school to the maximum extent possible with supports in place to aid in the success of the child (Sapon-Shiven and Sapon-Shiven). The list of arguments against integration for disabled students is long and varied. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Are Schools Teaching Segregation and/or Discrimination of Disabled Children?" essay for you Create order The opponents of inclusive classrooms feel that the education of typical students will be negatively affected. Most feel that inclusion is one size fits all solution. Teachers are not trained to teach on such a wide range of abilities and will not be accepting of inclusive teaching., however, all these arguments can be overcome. Social skills are an important part of education; it is through social skills that a child learns to behave appropriately not only in school but also in the community. Disabled children are very often shielded from the community by well-meaning parents and caregivers. Children mimic the behavior of those around them which in a self-contained classroom is not good. Social skills cannot be learned from others that also do not have social skills. When disabled children are integrated into an inclusive or mainstream classroom, they are exposed to a normal social setting and learn appropriate behaviors by mimicking the behavior of typical children such as taking turns, not interrupting, etc. as evidenced from personal observation. In an inclusive setting disabled children are exposed to the unwritten rules of society, where touching another appropriately or inappropriately may be overlooked in a self-contained class, it would not be overlooked in an inclusive class. They are also held to the same social standards as the general population of the school and therefore face the same disciplinary actions. Most disabled children have sensory issues that typical children do not for example loud noises can lead to a meltdown. In an inclusive setting disabled children are exposed to more noise and people than is found in a self-contained classroom but in a controlled environment which helps to facilitate the ability to cope with loud noises and crowds. Learning appropriate social skills is a difficult, if not impossible, task in a self-contained classroom. However, with professionally trained teachers and the right supports they can not only learn social skills from teachers but also from their non-disabled peers. Learning social skills sets ups a disabled child for success during his/her academic career as well as in life after school. In How Young Children Evaluate People With and Without Disabilities, Huckstadt and Shutts state that One in six children in the United States has a developmental disability and most students with disabilities attend schools with typically developing peers. When disabled children spend their school day in a self-contained class room, they are cut off from the general student population which leads to feeling that they do not belong. According to sociometric studies typical children tend to choose other typical children over disabled children, (Huckstadt and Shutts). The need to belong or to be accepted is a basic human need without which our selfâ€Å"esteem suffers. Social exclusion and bullying have obvious negative impacts on the targets of those behaviors, but biased attitudes and behaviors also deny typically developing children the opportunity to develop close relationships with diverse individuals, (Huckstadt and Shutts). When disabled students are cut off from the student po pulation, typical students are more likely to view them as being different or strange which can lead to bullying. According to Pacers National Bullying Prevention Center 60% of disabled students in comparison to 25% of all students report being bullied regularly. While suicide cannot be tied directly to bullying, it does put adolescents at more of a risk. Children with low self-esteem may believe theyre not worthy of good treatment (Bob Cunningham). A child with low self-esteem may face challenges such as repeated failure leading to feeling of frustration, anger, anxiety, and sadness; losing interest in learning, loss of friendships, be withdrawn, and use self-defeating ways of dealing with stress. Not surprisingly, when social interactions are fostered and peer acceptance of increases, all students show improvements in social skills and self-esteem, transition and communication skills, and language and cognitive development (Kulusic). In an inclusive classroom with caring adults w ho monitor bullying, disabled children have the tools to improve their self-esteem. Attributes of others that are encountered for the first time (e.g., beards or glasses) may initially be confusing or frightening. Not surprisingly, young children conceptualise disability predominantly with respect to physical appearance and they may respond negatively to peers who appear physically different, (Gilmore and Howard). Typical children are not usually exposed to disabled persons prior to entering school, as a result they have not learned to accept disability. Childrens attitudes tend to be more negative towards peers with disabilities than towards typically developing children (Lindsey and al). However, typical children can be taught to accept disabled children with the help of a caring adult. A disabled child in the class gives opportunity to instruct children about social difference and tolerance of people that are different. Learning to accept difference is critical because everyone is unique and eventually they will work in a world of people who are different. Inclus ive education in neighbourhood schools allows students to meet other neighbourhood children and youth, which can lead to friendships outside of school hours (Kulusic). Also, learning about disabled people leads into learning how to interact with them for example using sign language or a speech device as a means of communication. Interaction between disabled children and their typical peers leads into supporting each other. An example of that support would be an autistic child being the motivator for the football team and the football team being the protector of the autistic child. In conclusion, inclusive teaching benefits not the disabled child but the typical child as well. It is critical for children to learn acceptance at an early age and inclusive teaching if done right carries out that goal. Just including disabled children in classrooms with typically developing children, however is not enough. Children and young people without disabilities have reported that being with those who have disabilities has improved their self-concept, increased their social awareness and acceptances of others, reduced their fear of human differences, and helped them develop personal principles and friendships (Kulusic). Admittedly there are some situations of disability that warrant self-contained classrooms, but those are very rare. Most disabled children would be better served in an inclusive class with pull-outs or resource for more intense instruction. According to the IDEAs LRE or mainstreaming policy, school districts are required to educate students with disabilities in regular classrooms with their nondisabled peers, in the school they would attend if not disabled, to the maximum extent appropriate (Wrightslaw Least Restrictive Environment/Inclusion Index Page). Self-contained classrooms are usually social isolated from the general student body and sometimes physically isolated as well. In Taking a Closer Look at the Impact of Classroom Placement: Students Share Their Perspective from Inside Special Education Classrooms, a study done in middle and high schools, Jones and Hensley describe transportation for special education students as arriving and departing on special education buses and using a separate entrance thus physically isolating this population. Based on observation and experience in the local school system, children in self-contained classrooms are isolated from the general student population approximately 85-90% of the day. For purposes of their study, Jones and Hensley, used terms self-contained classrooms and resources rooms, also known in other districts as life skills or inclusive respectively. We were interested in exploring the differences between students in resource rooms and students in self-contained classrooms regard ing their self-determination and relationships with classmates and teachers, (Jones and Hensley). The findings of the study by Jones and Hensley were that students in resource rooms felt better about all four factors (autonomy, self-regulation, psychological empowerment, and self-realization) of self-determination than did the students in self-contained classrooms. Students in self-contained classrooms felt that their classmates were more supportive than students in resource rooms did, (Jones and Hensley). Also, of interest, teachers in self-contained classrooms indicated that students were overly dependent on them, (Jones and Hensley). Jones and Hensley recommend giving students in self-contained classrooms more access to the general student during naturally occurring opportunities such as in middle and high schools the changing of classes, lunch, and clubs sponsored by the school. The opportunity to socialize with the general student body does not mean just taking the disabled students to the lunch room, however. Students need to mingle with and converse with the general student body. To build self-determination, it is imperative that disabled students have opportunity to make choices about their school day and have access to positive relationships to positive role models that exhibit self-determined behaviors. Students with special needs should also have the opportunity to participate in extracurricular activities. All students regardless of disability can participate in some way with clubs, activities, and/or extracurricular activities, e.g. a disabled student may not be able to play football but possibly could be the team manager. The task of integrating disabled children into an inclusive environment is daunting, but not integrating denies them the opportunity to become independent members of society. Denying children in self-contained classrooms the opportunity to socialize with typical students as much as possible is not only illegal but is discrimination. Just as segregation of African Americans was discrimination so is segregation of disabled children. By not integrating disabled children into mainstream(inclusive) education to the fullest extent possible, they are being discriminated against. This teaches not only disabled students but typical students and the larger community that discrimination against disabled individuals is acceptable. Works Cited Bob Cunningham, Ed. M. Understood.org. n.d. 6 October 2018. . Bullying of Students with Disabilities. n.d. . Gilmore, Linda and Glenn Howard. Childrens Books that Promote Understanding of Difference, Diversity, and Disability. Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools (2016): 218-251. Huckstadt, Lauren K. and Kristin Shutts. How Young Children Evaluate People With and Without Disabilities. Journal of Social Issues 70.1 (2014): 99-114. 14 October 2018. Jones, Jennifer L. and Lisa R. Hensley. Taking a Closer Look at the Impact of Classroom Placement: Students Share their Perspective from Inside Special Education Classrooms. Educational Research Quarterly 35.3 (2012): 33-49. ProQuest. . Kulusic, Tamara. A Parents Handbook on Inclusive Education. New Westminister: InclusionBC, n.d. . Lindsey, Sally and et al. Exploring Childrens Perceptions of Two School-Based Social Inclusion Programs: A Pilot Study. Child Youth Care Forum (2013): 1-18. Sapon-Shiven, Mara and Sapon-Shiven. Inclusive Education. Encyclopedia of Diversity in Education. 1st. Sage Publications, 2012. . Wrightslaw Least Restrictive Environment/Inclusion Index Page. n.d.

The, Tell Me The Deeds Of Golden Aphrodite - 1307 Words

Muse, tell me the deeds of golden Aphrodite the Cyprian, who stirs up sweet passion in the gods and subdues the tribes of mortal men and birds that fly in air and all the many creatures that the dry land rears, and all that the sea: all these love the deeds of rich-crowned Cytherea. (Hom.Hym.5.5) Aphrodite was beautiful. She was often depicted with flowers and vegetation surrounding her golden aura, representing her connection with fertility. According to the poet Hesiod, Aphrodite was one of the twelve Olympians. The literal meaning of her name is foam born, as she was born from the sea foam that surrounded the immortal flesh, which was the result of the castration of Kronos (Theogony 190). That explains why the Renaissance artist Botticelli depicted her on a giant scallop shell. The Theogony is just one explanation of her creation, which she was born from Kronos alone, and not from a sexual union. As a result she is characterized as the goddess of pure love that has its end not [at ] physical satisfaction but [at] spiritual gratification (CCM). In contrast to the Theogyny’s explanation, Homer, who is most famous for the Odyssey and Iliad, tells of her birth as the result of the relations between Zeus and Dione; thus connecting her as the goddess of sex and procreator of children, whose concerns are of the body and not of the mind, the spirit or the soul (CCM). These different myths of her creation are just the beginning of the many discrepancies throughout her eternalShow MoreRelatedHelen of Troy1286 Words   |  6 Pagesprophecy that he would be the cause of Troy s destruction. Worried, his father King Priamleaves him on Mount Ida, where he is found and raised by the shepherd Agelaus. When he is an adult, he judges Aphrodite as the fairest of the three goddesses,  Hera,  Athena, and  Aphrodite. After awarding her the golden apple she promises him the love of  Helen of Sparta, the most beautiful woman in the world. Meanwhile in Sparta, Helen sees in a pool Paris s judgement, and happily accepts his choice of her loveRead MoreThe Gods and Their Interaction with Humans1639 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween Achilles and Agamemnon. Achilles respects the gods and knows that it is in his best interest to sheathe his sword and not allow his hubris to cloud his judgment. Yet Agamemnon will not allow anyone, human or divine, be better than him or tell him what to do and takes Briseis from Achilles. Shortly after this, the Achaeans go to Troy to call a duel between Paris and Menelaus to end the war. Venus watching this knows she has a vested interest in the Trojans, but more specifically ParisRead MoreAndromaches Lamentations In The Iliad Analysis1624 Words   |  7 Pages Throughout the Iliad lamentations provide eulogies of heroic figures, which praise their past deeds and individual traits, often through the expression of a speaker’s personal feelings and attachment. When Hektor dies, however, Andromache delivers lamentations that deviate from the trend of other lamentations in the Iliad. Andromache’s lamentations are future-oriented instead of being rooted in the past, and deliver narratives about the future of Hektor’s family and the Trojans rather than displayingRead MoreHelen of Troy Movie Analysis2033 Words   |  9 Pagestheir peace agreement. In contrast to Troy (which was roughly based on the Iliad which itself only depicts some of the events of the final year of the war), the film tells much of the story of the War. Most notably, Helen of Troy features and discusses the intervention of the gods (the films opening scene shows Hera, Athena and Aphrodite at the Judgment of Paris) as written by Homer. This does not mean, however, that it is more accurate, as a number of the characters (namely Paris, as stated above)Read MoreA Beautiful Gold Statue Of Harmonica2112 Words   |  9 Pagescity, and on it, the name Mellifluous is encrusted with diamonds, rubies, and ivory. A little girl with hair as golden and mellow as the sun walks up the steps of the shrine along with her grandmother. Dear Grandmother, who was Mellifluous? Well my child, Mellifluous was known to many people as being our true savior, she had done something so heroic and for that valiant deed that is why we created this temple to remind ourselves that we sho uld always remain grateful for what she has doneRead MoreThe Mythology Of The Ancient Greeks2537 Words   |  11 Pagesturtle and with his genuinely laugh said: Here s a bit of luck [2] I can t ignore! Hello there, you shapely thing, dancing girl, life of the party. Lovely to see you. How d a mountain girl with a shiny shell get so playful? Let me carry you inside! What a blessing! Do me a favor, come on, I ll respect you. It s safer inside, you could get in trouble out there. A living turtle, they say, keeps troublesome witchcraft away. And yet, if you were to die you d sing most beautifully. After this he picksRead MoreEnter Antigone and Ismene from the Palace10899 Words   |  44 Pagesyou avoided learning how our friends suffer the fate of foes?(10) ISMENE: No word of friends, Antigone, either sweet or painful, has come to me since we two sisters were robbed of our two brothers, both dying the same day by doubled hand. But since the army of the Argives departed last night, I ve seen nothing else,(15) either to cause me to rejoice or to weep. ANTIGONE: I knew it! For this reason I brought you outside the gates, that you alone might hear. ISMENE: What? You seemRead Moretheme of alienation n no where man by kamala markandeya23279 Words   |  94 Pagesfought each other until only five survived. These five, known as the â€Å"spartoi,† were believed to be the ancestors of the Theban nobility. Thus the city of Thebes was born in a violent manner. Cadmus married Harmonia, the daughter of Ares and Aphrodite, and presented his bride with a necklace which was to prove fatal to the Theban dynasty. At the end of their lives, Cadmus and his wife were changed into serpents by the gods. Cadmus’ daughter, Semele, was loved by Zeus and gave birth to the godRead MoreThe Woman - Original Writing11096 Words   |  45 PagesDarien stopped as his hands covered the doorknob of the bedroom. He sighed and waited for her without turning around to see her. What is it, Anne? I†¦ I†¦ I love you! she exclaimed daringly, watching his back stiffened with surprise. I know you told me not to fall in love with you but I did. I couldn t help it. Please, Darien†¦ Say something, anything. I m sorry, Anne, he said softly, his voice surprisingly gentle. I don t feel anything like that for you. I don t love you. I could never love

Effective speaking free essay sample

Book title: Public Speaking (Strategies for Success) Author: David Zarefsky Constraints on Effective Persuasive Speaking A good persuasive public speaking is measured by the affect towards the audience after the speaker ends the speech. Sometimes there are constraints that make the speech is not delivered well to the audience. It often takes on the following forms such as selective listening, selective perception and selective influence. Book title: Speech Communication (Principles and Contexts) Authors: Richard F. Whitman Paul H. Boase The Nature of Persuasion The human race has been fascinated with persuasion and persuasive strategies and tactics forever 2000 years. Mostly the nature of persuasion comes within our amily, friends and people who are close with us. Social influence comes from threaten, bribe, cajole, manipulate and even use force to gain the will. Affirmation is compliance-behavior with an associated promise of reward and negation is a form of influence coercion. Book title: Human Communication (The Basic Course) Author: Joseph A. We will write a custom essay sample on Effective speaking or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page DeVito Guidelines for Persuasive Speaking In order to deliver the information to the listeners, speakers are essential to follow the principles of persuasion which are anticipate selective exposure, recognize cultural differences, encourage audience participation, consider prior inoculation, ask or reasonable amounts of change, Foot-in-the-Door Technique, Door-in-the-Face- Technique, stress identification and stress consistency. \ Book title: Public Speaking (An audience-centered approach) Authors: Steven A. Beebe Susan J. Beebe How to Motivate Listeners There are various ways to motivate listeners by using dissonance, listener needs, positive motivation and also negative motivation. These ways are effective because listeners are motivated if speaker assure good things will happen to them if they follow the advice given. Book title: Communicating Effectively Authors: Saundra Hybels Richard L. Weaver II Speaker Credibility Credibility or believability consists of four qualities: expertise, dynamism, trustworthiness, and ethics. Research on persuasion says speakers are more likely to be effective as persuaders if listeners consider it to be credible. To be a credible speaker, experience or knowledge is needed. Most of the credibility in a speech comes from perceiving the speaker as an expert to their subject. Book title: Mastering Public Speaking Authors: George L. Grice John L. Skinner Types of Persuasive Speeches Speeches to convince, speeches to actuate and speeches to acquire are the three ypes of persuasive speeches. Speech to convince is a persuasive speech designed to influence listeners attitudes. Speech to actuate is a speech designed to influence listeners behaviors and speech to inspire is a speech designed to influence listeners feelings. Book title: The Challenge of Effective Speaking Authors: Rudolph F. Verderber Deanna D. Sellnow Kathleen S. Verderber Ethical Guidelines for Persuasive Speeches To convince the audience, there are five ethical guidelines for speakers to follow. The ethical guidelines purpose is to improve the well-being of the audience by dvocating the honest belief of the speaker, use representative supporting information, use emotional appeals to engage the audience in the rational thought process and present the speakers credibility. Book title: Introduction to Speec Author: William J. Seiler Goal of Persuasive Speaking n Communication Persuasion can be define as a communicating process with audience involving verbal and nonverbal messages that changed the audiences attitudes, values, behavior and beliefs in life. The ultimate goal is action whereby successful persuasion reinforces an existing behavior, changes an existing behavior, or leads to new behavior. Adoption is an action goal that needs listeners to show their opinions or attitudes by doing the action suggested by the speaker. Book title: Public Speaking (Concepts and Skills for a Diverse Society) Author: Clella Jaffe Making Persuasive Claims A claim is an assertion thats arguable or open to challenge or a conclusion or generalization that some people will not accept a statement that requires some sort of evidence or support to be believed. It is hard to make the audience agree with speaker so they will claim. There are four types of claims: fact, definition, value, and policy.

Microeconomics Research Paper free essay sample

Supply and Demand Analysis Supply and Demand Analysis Ras Jones Galen University Intermediate Microeconomics (210) Mrs. Ivanka Magana March 4th, 2013 2 Supply and Demand Analysis Table of Contents Abstract Acknowledgement Introduction Modeling and Forecasting Demand of Cereal in Nepal Modeling and Forecasting Demand for Cereal in Nepal Assessing the Cereal Supply Deficit or Surplus Conclusions References 3 4 5 3 Supply and Demand Analysis Abstract The purpose of this paper is to describe three main building blocks of supply and demand analysis which are supply curves, demand curves, and the concept of market equilibrium. The focus of this research is based on information acquired from the eBook provided to us by Galen University. This book is titled â€Å"Microeconomics† a 4th Edition and was written by David A. Basenko and Ronald R. Braeutigam with contributions from Micheal J. Gibbs, The University of Chicago, and Booth School of Business. In the form of a questionnaire, it is established that the demand and supply for corn is used to make many food and industrial products such as corn oil, alcohol and most important corn torilla which all falls under a need to society. We will write a custom essay sample on Microeconomics Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Moreover, corn is an interesting crop as we can eat it, we can manufacture consumer products with it, we can wear it as today’s technology is so advanced that corn is used in production of fabrics. As a result, producers of corn products develop a culture of loyalty to its company and to its consumers providing mass amounts of products in accordance to the demand of the product. Overall, the prime concern for corn producer is ensuring that there is sufficient food supply for the future. An analysis made from the questionnaire there is substantial evidence that the supply and demand for corn will always be in demand therefore there needs to be and even flow of supply or equilibrium. 4 Supply and Demand Analysis Acknowledgment This research paper was prepared as a contribution to Mr. Carlos Ivan Magana, Instructor of our Intermediate Microeconomics Course. This project was supported by family, friends and neighbors and I in support to continue the production of corn. 5 Supply and Demand Analysis Introduction Step 1: Address the problem First address the problem! State the overall area of concern (populations-at-risk for injustice or discrimination; need for more functional affiliations for individuals and groups; unethical policies/practices; lack of knowledge in the field, program evaluation within an agency setting derived from a perceived problem, etc. ). Arouse the reader’s interest; tell the reader what to expect in the rest of your paper. Provide brief statistics to indicate the incidence of the problem. For example, if my topic was focused on child maltreatment, I would want to provide current statistics from the â€Å"Child Maltreatment† report published by the Children’s Bureau each year. This report presents national and state child welfare related statistics and can be found at http://www. childwelfare. gov . Step 2: Effect on practice Next, answer the questions, â€Å" How does this problem effect social work practice and/or policy? †(Ethical research requires us to focus our efforts where need is the greatest). Include how it effects individuals, families, groups, and communities when applicable). The potential utility of your study can be: 1) an addition to current knowledge of a problem or a vulnerable population; 2) to put social work theory to an empirical test; 3) to better understand the relationship between variables (like homelessness and housing shortage); or 4) to determine the effectiveness of a treatment method or program (Ex. Program evaluation, cost-benefit analysis, process evaluation, outcome valuation, employee and client satisfaction, an educational intervention, efficacy of a clinical intervention, group, etc. ). Step 3: Summary â€Å"Conclude†¦the introduction with a brief but formal statement of the purpose of the research that summarizes the material preceding it† (American Psychological Association (APA, p. 28). (Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed. , 2010, p. 27) 6 Supply and Demand Analysis 7 Supply and Demand Analysis 8 Supply and Demand Analysis References Basenko. D, Braeutigam. R. (2010). Microeconomics, 4th edition. Northwestern University, Kellogg School of Management. Natarajan, R. , Chaturvedi, R. (2003). Geology of the Indian Ocean Floor. Hartford, CT: Merganser University Press. Ligon, M. , Carpenter, K. , Brown, W. , Milsop, A. (1983). Computers in the world of business communications. Hartford, CT: Capital Press. 9 Supply and Demand Analysis Appendix Questionnaire Include a copy of your survey/questions/instrument, IRB approval, and Agency approval letter in the Appendix section